Foundry of Environmental Cons industry.
Environmental disadvantages of the industry
Foundry of Environmental Cons industry. Biosphere - an area of our planet, in which there is or ever have a life and are constantly exposed or exposed to living organisms. The main function of the biosphere is to ensure the circulation of chemical elements, which is expressed in the circulation of substances between the atmosphere, soil, hydrosphere, and living organisms.
Man has always used the environment mainly as a source of resources. For a very long time his work had no marked effect on the biosphere. Only at the end of the last century, changes in the biosphere under the influence of the coal mining business attracted the attention of scientists. These changes have increased and are now fallen upon human civilization.
In order to improve their living conditions, humanity is constantly increasing rate of production of goods (industry), without considering the consequences.
Man has always used the environment mainly as a source of resources. For a very long time his work had no marked effect on the biosphere. Only at the end of the last century, changes in the biosphere under the influence of the coal mining business attracted the attention of scientists. These changes have increased and are now fallen upon human civilization.
In order to improve their living conditions, humanity is constantly increasing rate of production of goods (industry), without considering the consequences. Atmospheric pollution.
State of the atmosphere has a great influence on the physical, chemical, and biological processes on Earth's surface and in the aquatic environment.
The main cause of air pollution - burning fossil fuels and metallurgical production. Atmospheric pollution in attractiveness resulting annually emitted soot, fumes, chemical elements and some 20mlrd.tonn carbon dioxide, which contributes to the greenhouse effect
and global warming on the planet. "Dirty" production: thermal power plants, metallurgical and chemical plants, boilers, processing and coking factories, cement, magnesite and carbon black plants, mining, waste dumps, and blasting operations, enterprise for production of synthetic fiber, sugar, oil refining ...
Great impact on air pollution has vehicles, throwing with exhaust gases pollutants over a million tons a year. In most major cities and transport pollutes more than 60% of the air basin, and in Almaty to 90%. Oil drilling in the Karaganda region share of these contaminants is 100tys tons per year.
The main cause of air pollution - burning fossil fuels and metallurgical production. Atmospheric pollution in attractiveness resulting annually emitted soot, fumes, chemical elements and some 20mlrd.tonn carbon dioxide, which contributes to the greenhouse effect
Great impact on air pollution has vehicles, throwing with exhaust gases pollutants over a million tons a year. In most major cities and transport pollutes more than 60% of the air basin, and in Almaty to 90%. Oil drilling in the Karaganda region share of these contaminants is 100tys tons per year.
Pollution of the hydrosphere.
Water - a critical component of the biosphere, and one of the essential factors of the existence of living organisms. Our planet is covered with ¾ of the water, but only 2,5% is fresh, and 1 / 100 of 2,5% is drinkable. The constant increase of water consumption on the planet leads to the danger of "water famine". Industry uses more than 80% of all freshwater consumed in cities. The first place for the industrial use of water in Kazakhstan: Karaganda region - 43% and 41% of Pavlodar. Sewage treatment plants do not give a perfect result. Removed only 80-85% of pollutants. Discharge of polluted industrial wastewater leads to water pollution. Spill nevti
• To produce 1 ton of paper requires 100m3 of water.
• On 1 ton of steel smelting to 200m3 of water.
• The production of 1 ton of synthetic fiber consumed from 2500 to 5000m3 of water.
• When producing 1 ton of coal is pumped 3tonny saline water that is discharged into rivers and lakes.
• Daily in reservoirs of Kazakhstan dropped 2 million tons of waste.
• On 1 ton of steel smelting to 200m3 of water.
• When producing 1 ton of coal is pumped 3tonny saline water that is discharged into rivers and lakes.
• Daily in reservoirs of Kazakhstan dropped 2 million tons of waste.
Pollution of the lithosphere (soil). Waste.
The bulk of the organisms living within the lithosphere, is in the topsoil, the depth of the Balkhash plant is not more than a few meters.
Land occupied by industry in Kazakhstan is 36%. Of these, 2% destroyed - this is equal to the area of the four cities of Karaganda. The soil cover is disturbed during the construction of industrial facilities in the exploration and mining, overburden dumps, tailings, ash dumps, quarries, oil fields. Resources are made by man from nature, returned to her in the form of waste, often toxic or not suitable for recycling.
Industrial waste - the remains of raw materials resulting from the production process or the execution of works and have lost some or all consumer characteristics, such as construction debris. Dumping rocks on the territory of Kazakhstan has been accumulated about 21mlrd.tonn solid waste of all classes, of which 5.2 billion tons of toxic and annually added to 1mlrd.tonn. Most of the waste is located in the Karaganda region - 29,4%, East-Kazakhstan - 25,7%, Kostanay - 17%, Pavlodar - 14,6%. To form a (recovered) soil layer thickness of 1 cm to 100let, and for the Kazakh steppe from 200 to 500let.
Land occupied by industry in Kazakhstan is 36%. Of these, 2% destroyed - this is equal to the area of the four cities of Karaganda. The soil cover is disturbed during the construction of industrial facilities in the exploration and mining, overburden dumps, tailings, ash dumps, quarries, oil fields. Resources are made by man from nature, returned to her in the form of waste, often toxic or not suitable for recycling.
Industrial waste - the remains of raw materials resulting from the production process or the execution of works and have lost some or all consumer characteristics, such as construction debris. Dumping rocks on the territory of Kazakhstan has been accumulated about 21mlrd.tonn solid waste of all classes, of which 5.2 billion tons of toxic and annually added to 1mlrd.tonn. Most of the waste is located in the Karaganda region - 29,4%, East-Kazakhstan - 25,7%, Kostanay - 17%, Pavlodar - 14,6%. To form a (recovered) soil layer thickness of 1 cm to 100let, and for the Kazakh steppe from 200 to 500let.
* Vernadsky, VI: "A man becomes a geological force, capable of changing the face of the earth."
